C69-C72
Medium Complexity

Malignant neoplasms of eye, brain and other parts of central nervous system

Primary Specialty: Oncology
Last Updated: 2025-09-09

ICD-10 Codes (34)

34 billable
0 category headers
C70
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of meninges
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C70.0
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of cerebral meninges
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C70.1
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of spinal meninges
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C70.9
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of meninges, unspecified
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C71
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of brain
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C71.0
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of cerebrum, except lobes and ventricles
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C71.1
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of frontal lobe
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C71.2
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of temporal lobe
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C71.3
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of parietal lobe
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C71.4
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of occipital lobe
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C71.5
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of cerebral ventricle
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C71.6
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of cerebellum
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C71.7
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of brain stem
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C71.8
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of overlapping sites of brain
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C71.9
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of brain, unspecified
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C72
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of spinal cord, cranial nerves and other parts of central nervous system
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C72.0
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of spinal cord
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C72.1
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of cauda equina
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C72.2
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of olfactory nerve
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C72.20
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of unspecified olfactory nerve
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C72.21
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of right olfactory nerve
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C72.22
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of left olfactory nerve
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C72.3
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of optic nerve
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C72.30
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of unspecified optic nerve
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C72.31
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of right optic nerve
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C72.32
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of left optic nerve
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C72.4
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of acoustic nerve
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C72.40
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of unspecified acoustic nerve
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C72.41
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of right acoustic nerve
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C72.42
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of left acoustic nerve
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C72.5
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of other and unspecified cranial nerves
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C72.50
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of unspecified cranial nerve
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C72.59
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of other cranial nerves
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C72.9
Billable
Malignant neoplasm of central nervous system, unspecified
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Updates & Changes

FY 2026 Updates

Current Year

New Codes (2)

C02.9
Malignant neoplasm of tongue, unspecified, HPV-positive
C10.8
Malignant neoplasm of overlapping sites of oropharynx, HPV-positive

Revised Codes (2)

C01
Malignant neoplasm of base of tongue - updated to include HPV status when known
C09.9
Malignant neoplasm of tonsil, unspecified - enhanced molecular classification

Deleted Codes

No codes deleted in this range for FY 2026

Historical Changes

  • FY 2025: Routine maintenance updates with minor terminology clarifications
  • FY 2024: Enhanced specificity requirements for certain code ranges
  • FY 2023: Updated documentation guidelines for improved clarity

Upcoming Changes

  • Proposed updates pending review by Coordination and Maintenance Committee
  • Under consideration: Enhanced digital health integration codes

Implementation Guidance

  • Review all FY 2026 updates for C69-C72 codes before implementation
  • Always verify the most current codes in the ICD-10-CM manual
  • Ensure clinical documentation supports the selected diagnosis codes
  • +3 more guidance items...

Range Overview

high priority

The ICD-10 code range C69-C72 pertains to malignant neoplasms of the eye, brain, and other parts of the central nervous system. These codes are used to document various types of cancers that affect these areas, including primary and secondary malignancies, and whether the disease is in situ, benign, or of uncertain behavior. The codes provide detailed information about the location and type of the neoplasm, aiding in accurate diagnosis, treatment, and billing.

Key Usage Points:

  • Always code to the highest level of specificity.
  • Use additional codes to specify any associated conditions or complications.
  • Differentiate between primary and secondary malignancies.
  • Specify the type of neoplasm (benign, in situ, malignant, or uncertain).
  • Use combination codes when necessary to accurately depict the patient's condition.

Coding Guidelines

When to Use:

  • When a patient is diagnosed with a malignant neoplasm of the eye.
  • When a patient has a malignant neoplasm of the brain.
  • When a patient has a malignant neoplasm of the spinal cord.
  • When a patient has a malignant neoplasm of the meninges.
  • When a patient has a malignant neoplasm of the cranial nerves.

When NOT to Use:

  • When a patient has a benign neoplasm of the eye, brain, or other parts of the central nervous system.
  • When a patient has a non-neoplastic disease of the eye, brain, or other parts of the central nervous system.
  • When a patient has a malignant neoplasm of the peripheral nerves.
  • When a patient has a malignant neoplasm of the endocrine glands.

Code Exclusions

Always verify exclusions with the latest ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting.

Documentation Requirements

Documentation for codes C69-C72 should include the type, location, and behavior of the neoplasm. Any associated conditions or complications should also be documented. The patient's history, physical examination findings, diagnostic test results, and treatment plans should be included in the documentation.

Clinical Information:

  • Type of neoplasm
  • Location of neoplasm
  • Behavior of neoplasm
  • Associated conditions or complications
  • Patient's history and physical examination findings

Supporting Evidence:

  • Diagnostic test results
  • Pathology reports
  • Imaging studies
  • Treatment plans
Good Documentation Example:

Patient diagnosed with a malignant neoplasm of the right optic nerve, confirmed by MRI. Patient has a history of glaucoma.

Poor Documentation Example:

Patient has a brain tumor.

Common Documentation Errors:

  • Not specifying the type of neoplasm
  • Not specifying the location of the neoplasm
  • Not specifying the behavior of the neoplasm
  • Not documenting associated conditions or complications

Range Statistics

4
Total Codes
34
Billable
Complexity:
Medium
Primary Use:Clinical Documentation
Chapter:2

Coding Complexity

Medium
Complexity Rating

Coding for malignant neoplasms of the eye, brain, and other parts of the central nervous system can be complex due to the need to accurately depict the type, location, and behavior of the neoplasm, as well as any associated conditions or complications. Additionally, coders must differentiate between primary and secondary malignancies and use combination codes when necessary. Staying up-to-date with the latest ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting is also essential.

Key Factors:
  • Determining the type, location, and behavior of the neoplasm
  • Identifying any associated conditions or complications
  • Differentiating between primary and secondary malignancies
  • Using combination codes when necessary
  • Staying up-to-date with the latest ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting

Specialty Focus

These codes are primarily used by oncologists, neurologists, ophthalmologists, and neurosurgeons.

Primary Specialties:
Oncology
40%
Neurology
30%
Ophthalmology
20%
Neurosurgery
10%
Clinical Scenarios:
  • A patient presents with vision loss and is diagnosed with a malignant neoplasm of the retina.
  • A patient presents with headaches and is diagnosed with a malignant neoplasm of the brain.
  • A patient presents with back pain and is diagnosed with a malignant neoplasm of the spinal cord.
  • A patient presents with seizures and is diagnosed with a malignant neoplasm of the meninges.
  • A patient presents with facial numbness and is diagnosed with a malignant neoplasm of the cranial nerves.

Resources & References

There are several resources available for coding malignant neoplasms of the eye, brain, and other parts of the central nervous system.

Official Guidelines:

  • ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting
  • American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA) Coding Guidelines
  • American Academy of Professional Coders (AAPC) Coding Guidelines

Clinical References:

  • National Cancer Institute (NCI) Clinical Guidelines
  • American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Clinical Guidelines

Educational Materials:

  • ICD-10-CM Coding Handbook
  • AHIMA ICD-10-CM Coding Workbook
  • AAPC ICD-10-CM Coding Training

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I differentiate between primary and secondary malignancies?

Primary malignancies originate in the site where they are found, while secondary malignancies have spread from another site. This information should be documented in the patient's medical record.

What is a combination code?

A combination code is a single code used to classify two diagnoses, a diagnosis with an associated symptom or manifestation, or a diagnosis with an associated complication.