Parkinson's disease
Chapter 6:Diseases of the nervous system
ICD-10 G20 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of parkinson's disease.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to a deficiency of dopamine in the brain. Clinically, it manifests as a combination of motor and non-motor symptoms. The hallmark motor symptoms include bradykinesia (slowness of movement), resting tremor, rigidity, and postural instability. Non-motor symptoms can include cognitive impairment, mood disorders, sleep disturbances, and autonomic dysfunction. The etiology of PD is multifactorial, involving genetic predispositions and environmental factors. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, based on the presence of characteristic motor symptoms, and may be supported by neuroimaging to rule out other conditions. Treatment typically involves dopaminergic medications such as levodopa, dopamine agonists, and MAO-B inhibitors, which aim to alleviate motor symptoms. As the disease progresses, patients may experience fluctuations in response to medication, leading to 'on-off' phenomena, and may require adjustments in therapy.
Detailed neurological examination findings, including motor and non-motor symptoms.
Initial diagnosis, medication management, and monitoring of disease progression.
Documentation should clearly differentiate between PD and other movement disorders.
Comprehensive assessment of functional status and cognitive evaluation.
Management of PD in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities.
Consideration of polypharmacy and its impact on treatment outcomes.
Used for routine follow-up visits for PD management.
Document history of present illness, review of systems, and medication management.
Neurologists should ensure detailed neurological assessments are included.
The primary symptoms include bradykinesia, resting tremor, rigidity, and postural instability, along with various non-motor symptoms.
Diagnosis is primarily clinical, based on the presence of characteristic motor symptoms and patient history, often supported by neurological examination.
