Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis

Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis (ABRS) is an inflammation of the nasal passages and sinuses caused by bacterial infection, typically following a viral upper respiratory infection. Key clinical points include: 1) Symptoms often include nasal congestion, facial pain, purulent nasal discharge, and fever. 2) Diagnosis is primarily clinical, based on symptom duration and severity. 3) Common pathogens include Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. 4) ABRS can lead to complications such as orbital cellulitis or abscess if untreated. Typical use cases for this diagnosis code include patients presenting with acute onset of symptoms lasting less than 4 weeks, with significant facial pain and purulent nasal discharge. The pathophysiology involves obstruction of sinus drainage pathways, leading to mucus accumulation and bacterial overgrowth. Clinical presentation typically includes facial pressure, headache, and nasal obstruction, often exacerbated by a preceding viral infection.