Tuberculosis of nervous system, unspecified
ICD-10 A17.9 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of tuberculosis of nervous system, unspecified.
Tuberculosis of the nervous system is a rare but serious manifestation of tuberculosis (TB) that can affect the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. It is primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which can spread to the central nervous system (CNS) through hematogenous dissemination or direct extension from adjacent structures. Clinically, it may present as meningitis, tuberculoma, or abscesses, leading to symptoms such as headache, fever, neurological deficits, and altered mental status. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies (such as MRI or CT scans), and laboratory tests, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, which may reveal lymphocytic pleocytosis, elevated protein levels, and low glucose levels. Sputum tests and chest X-rays may also be performed to identify pulmonary TB, which can coexist. Treatment usually involves a prolonged course of antitubercular medications, including isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, often for 12 months or longer. Monitoring for drug resistance is crucial, as multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) can complicate treatment. Public health measures, including contact tracing and isolation of infectious patients, are essential to control the spread of TB.
Detailed patient history, diagnostic test results, treatment plans, and follow-up notes.
Patients presenting with neurological symptoms and a history of TB exposure.
Consideration of drug resistance and the need for specialized treatment protocols.
Neurological examination findings, imaging results, and treatment response assessments.
Patients with neurological deficits and confirmed or suspected TB infection.
Coordination with infectious disease specialists for comprehensive management.
Used to evaluate for tuberculomas in patients with neurological symptoms.
Document indication for CT scan and findings.
Neurology and Infectious Disease specialists should collaborate on imaging findings.
Common symptoms include headaches, fever, neurological deficits, seizures, and altered mental status. These symptoms may vary based on the specific area of the nervous system affected.
Diagnosis typically involves clinical evaluation, imaging studies (CT or MRI), and laboratory tests such as CSF analysis to confirm the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Treatment usually consists of a combination of antitubercular medications for an extended period, often 12 months or longer, with close monitoring for drug resistance.
