Tuberculosis of thyroid gland
ICD-10 A18.81 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of tuberculosis of thyroid gland.
Tuberculosis of the thyroid gland is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis that occurs when Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects the thyroid tissue. This condition can manifest as a solitary thyroid nodule or diffuse thyroid enlargement, often mimicking other thyroid disorders such as thyroiditis or neoplasms. Patients may present with symptoms including neck swelling, pain, and, in some cases, systemic symptoms like fever and weight loss. Diagnosis typically involves imaging studies such as ultrasound, which may reveal cystic or solid lesions, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy to confirm the presence of acid-fast bacilli. Sputum tests and chest X-rays may be performed to rule out pulmonary involvement. Treatment usually consists of a standard antituberculous regimen, including isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide, for a duration of at least six months. Monitoring for drug resistance is crucial, as multidrug-resistant tuberculosis can complicate treatment. Public health implications include the need for contact tracing and isolation procedures for infectious cases, as tuberculosis is a communicable disease. Regular follow-up is essential to assess treatment response and manage any potential complications.
Detailed clinical notes on thyroid function tests, imaging results, and biopsy findings.
Patients presenting with thyroid nodules or goiter with a history of tuberculosis.
Need to differentiate from other thyroid pathologies and document any infectious disease consultations.
Comprehensive records of tuberculosis screening, treatment regimens, and follow-up care.
Patients with known tuberculosis history presenting with thyroid symptoms.
Monitoring for drug resistance and documenting public health measures taken.
Used to obtain tissue for diagnosis in suspected cases of thyroid tuberculosis.
Document the indication for the biopsy and the results.
Endocrinologists should ensure that the biopsy results are clearly linked to the diagnosis.
Common symptoms include neck swelling, pain, fever, and weight loss. Patients may also present with systemic symptoms indicative of tuberculosis.
Diagnosis typically involves imaging studies like ultrasound, fine-needle aspiration biopsy for histological confirmation, and ruling out pulmonary involvement through sputum tests and chest X-rays.
Treatment usually consists of a standard antituberculous regimen, including isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide, for at least six months.
Public health implications include the need for contact tracing and isolation procedures for infectious cases, as tuberculosis is a communicable disease.
