Pulmonary mycobacterial infection
ICD-10 A31.0 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of pulmonary mycobacterial infection.
Pulmonary mycobacterial infection refers to infections of the lungs caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), primarily species such as Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and Mycobacterium kansasii. These infections can manifest in individuals with underlying lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or cystic fibrosis, and are often characterized by chronic cough, sputum production, and hemoptysis. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies (such as chest X-rays or CT scans), and microbiological testing, including culture and molecular methods to identify the specific mycobacterial species. Treatment protocols generally include a prolonged course of antibiotics, often requiring a combination of macrolides, rifamycins, and ethambutol, tailored to the specific organism and patient factors. Resistance patterns can vary, with some strains exhibiting multi-drug resistance, complicating treatment regimens. Close monitoring for treatment efficacy and adverse effects is essential, as the duration of therapy can extend from several months to years, depending on the severity of the infection and the patient's response to treatment.
Detailed clinical notes on symptoms, diagnostic tests, and treatment plans.
Patients presenting with chronic cough, hemoptysis, or abnormal chest imaging.
Ensure accurate documentation of any co-morbidities and previous treatments.
Comprehensive records of laboratory results and treatment response.
Patients with recurrent respiratory infections or those with immunocompromised states.
Focus on resistance patterns and tailored antibiotic regimens.
Used when a patient presents with respiratory symptoms and requires testing for mycobacterial infection.
Document the clinical rationale for the culture and any previous test results.
Pulmonologists should ensure comprehensive documentation of respiratory symptoms and history.
Common symptoms include chronic cough, sputum production, hemoptysis, and weight loss. Patients may also experience fatigue and night sweats.
Diagnosis typically involves clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and microbiological testing, including cultures and molecular methods to identify the specific mycobacterial species.
Treatment usually involves a combination of antibiotics, such as macrolides, rifamycins, and ethambutol, tailored to the specific organism and patient factors. Treatment duration can be prolonged, often lasting several months to years.
