Disseminated mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) infection
ICD-10 A31.2 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of disseminated mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (mac) infection.
Disseminated mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) infection is a chronic and opportunistic infection primarily affecting individuals with compromised immune systems, particularly those with HIV/AIDS. The Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) consists of two closely related species: Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare. These bacteria are ubiquitous in the environment, commonly found in soil, water, and dust. In immunocompetent individuals, MAC typically does not cause disease; however, in immunocompromised patients, it can lead to severe systemic illness characterized by fever, weight loss, fatigue, and lymphadenopathy. Diagnosis is often made through culture of the organism from blood or other sterile sites, and treatment typically involves a combination of antibiotics such as azithromycin and rifabutin over an extended period. Resistance patterns can vary, with some strains showing reduced susceptibility to macrolides and other first-line agents, necessitating careful monitoring and potential adjustment of therapy.
Detailed patient history, including immunocompromised status and treatment response.
Patients with HIV/AIDS presenting with systemic symptoms and positive cultures for MAC.
Ensure accurate documentation of all co-morbidities and concurrent infections.
Pulmonary function tests and imaging studies to assess lung involvement.
Patients with respiratory symptoms and a history of MAC infection.
Document any pulmonary complications or co-existing lung diseases.
Used when testing for MAC in patients with suspected disseminated infection.
Document the reason for testing and any relevant clinical findings.
Infectious disease specialists should ensure comprehensive documentation of the patient's history.
The primary treatment for disseminated MAC infection typically includes a combination of antibiotics such as azithromycin and rifabutin, administered over an extended period, often for at least 12 months.
