Tetanus neonatorum
ICD-10 A33 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of tetanus neonatorum.
Tetanus neonatorum is a severe and often fatal condition caused by the infection of the newborn with Clostridium tetani, typically occurring when the umbilical stump is contaminated. This condition is characterized by muscle rigidity and spasms, which can lead to respiratory failure and death if not treated promptly. The onset of symptoms usually occurs within the first two weeks of life, with the infant exhibiting signs such as difficulty feeding, irritability, and spasms triggered by stimuli. The disease is most prevalent in areas with inadequate maternal immunization against tetanus and poor hygiene practices during childbirth. Prevention is primarily through maternal vaccination and proper care of the umbilical cord. Treatment involves supportive care, administration of tetanus immunoglobulin, and antibiotics to manage the infection. The prognosis is significantly improved with early recognition and intervention, although mortality rates remain high in untreated cases.
Detailed clinical notes on the infant's symptoms, maternal history, and treatment provided.
Infants presenting with muscle spasms and irritability, especially in areas with low vaccination rates.
Ensure accurate documentation of the infant's vaccination status and maternal health history.
Records of maternal vaccinations and prenatal care details.
Pregnant women in areas with high tetanus prevalence and low vaccination rates.
Focus on maternal immunization history and hygiene practices during delivery.
Administering the vaccine to pregnant women to prevent neonatal tetanus.
Record of vaccination status and administration details.
Obstetricians should ensure proper documentation of maternal vaccination.
Tetanus neonatorum is primarily caused by the infection of the newborn with Clostridium tetani, often due to contamination of the umbilical stump.
