A37.1

Whooping cough, or pertussis, is a highly contagious bacterial infection caused by Bordetella pertussis. It primarily affects the respiratory system and is characterized by severe coughing fits that can lead to a 'whooping' sound during inhalation. The disease is particularly dangerous for infants and young children, who may experience complications such as pneumonia, seizures, and even death. The infection is transmitted through respiratory droplets, making it easily spread in crowded environments. Diagnosis is typically confirmed through clinical evaluation and laboratory tests, including PCR and culture methods. Treatment usually involves antibiotics, such as azithromycin or erythromycin, which are most effective when administered early in the course of the illness. Vaccination is the primary preventive measure, with the DTaP vaccine recommended for children and Tdap for adolescents and adults. The resurgence of whooping cough in recent years has raised concerns about vaccine coverage and the emergence of antibiotic resistance, necessitating ongoing public health efforts to monitor and control the disease.