Scarlet fever
ICD-10 A38.0 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of scarlet fever.
Scarlet fever is an infectious disease caused by group A Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes), characterized by a distinctive red rash, fever, and sore throat. The condition typically arises in children aged 5 to 15 years, although it can affect individuals of any age. The hallmark of scarlet fever is the bright red rash that usually appears 1-2 days after the onset of fever and sore throat. The rash often feels like sandpaper and may begin on the neck and face before spreading to the trunk and extremities. Other symptoms may include a 'strawberry tongue,' abdominal pain, and headache. Scarlet fever is transmitted through respiratory droplets or direct contact with an infected person's skin lesions. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, supported by throat culture or rapid antigen detection tests. Treatment involves antibiotics, typically penicillin or amoxicillin, to eradicate the bacteria and prevent complications such as rheumatic fever or post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Resistance patterns are generally low for penicillin, but some strains may exhibit resistance to macrolides. Prompt treatment is crucial to reduce the risk of transmission and complications.
Detailed history of symptoms, including onset and duration, and any associated complications.
Diagnosis and management of scarlet fever in children presenting with fever and rash.
Consideration of age-related variations in presentation and the need for family education on contagion.
Thorough documentation of laboratory results, including throat cultures and sensitivity testing.
Management of recurrent or complicated cases of scarlet fever.
Monitoring for antibiotic resistance patterns and potential complications.
Used for follow-up visits after initial diagnosis of scarlet fever.
Document history of present illness, review of systems, and treatment plan.
Pediatricians should note growth and development in follow-up visits.
Common symptoms include a red rash, fever, sore throat, and a 'strawberry tongue.'
Scarlet fever is treated with antibiotics, typically penicillin or amoxicillin, to eliminate the infection.
