Scarlet fever
ICD-10 A38.1 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of scarlet fever.
Scarlet fever is an infectious disease caused by group A Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes), characterized by a distinctive red rash, fever, and sore throat. The condition typically arises following a streptococcal throat infection, where the bacteria release toxins that lead to the characteristic rash and systemic symptoms. The rash usually appears 1-2 days after the onset of fever and sore throat, starting on the neck and face before spreading to the trunk and extremities. The skin may feel rough, akin to sandpaper, and the tongue may exhibit a 'strawberry' appearance. Scarlet fever is most common in children aged 5 to 15 years, although it can occur in adults. Treatment primarily involves antibiotics, such as penicillin or amoxicillin, to eradicate the bacteria and prevent complications, including rheumatic fever and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to mitigate the risk of these complications. Scarlet fever is generally self-limiting, but without appropriate treatment, it can lead to serious health issues.
Detailed history of symptoms, including rash characteristics and fever onset.
Diagnosis of scarlet fever in children presenting with sore throat and rash.
Consideration of age-related variations in presentation and potential complications.
Comprehensive documentation of laboratory findings and treatment response.
Management of recurrent or complicated cases of scarlet fever.
Monitoring for antibiotic resistance patterns in Streptococcus pyogenes.
When a throat culture is performed to confirm streptococcal infection.
Document the reason for the culture and results.
Pediatricians should ensure cultures are obtained in suspected cases.
Common symptoms include a red rash, fever, sore throat, and a 'strawberry' tongue. The rash typically feels rough and appears 1-2 days after fever onset.
