Infant botulism
ICD-10 A48.51 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of infant botulism.
Infant botulism is a rare but serious condition caused by the ingestion of Clostridium botulinum spores, which can germinate and produce toxin in the intestines of infants, typically those under one year of age. The condition is characterized by a progressive weakness and paralysis that can lead to respiratory failure if not treated promptly. Symptoms often include constipation, poor feeding, lethargy, hypotonia, and a characteristic 'floppy' appearance. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, supported by laboratory tests that may detect the toxin in the infant's stool or serum. The condition is particularly concerning in immunocompromised infants, as their ability to combat infections is diminished, making them more susceptible to opportunistic infections. The diagnostic challenges arise from the nonspecific nature of the initial symptoms, which can mimic other conditions, leading to potential delays in appropriate treatment. Early recognition and supportive care are critical for recovery, and while most infants recover fully, the condition can be life-threatening if not addressed swiftly.
Detailed clinical notes on symptoms, onset, and progression of the condition.
Infants presenting with hypotonia and feeding difficulties.
Documentation must clearly indicate the age of the patient and any laboratory findings.
Comprehensive records of diagnostic tests and treatment plans.
Infants with suspected infections requiring differential diagnosis.
Consideration of the infant's immunocompromised status and potential for opportunistic infections.
Used when testing for botulinum toxin in suspected cases of infant botulism.
Document the clinical rationale for testing and results.
Pediatric specialists should ensure that testing aligns with clinical findings.
Common symptoms include constipation, poor feeding, lethargy, hypotonia, and respiratory distress.
Diagnosis is primarily clinical, supported by laboratory tests that detect botulinum toxin in stool or serum.
Treatment typically involves supportive care, including monitoring respiratory function and providing nutritional support.
Avoiding honey and ensuring proper food handling can help prevent infant botulism.
