Primary genital syphilis
ICD-10 A51.0 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of primary genital syphilis.
Primary genital syphilis is the initial stage of syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. This stage is characterized by the appearance of a single sore, known as a chancre, at the site of infection, which is typically located on the genitalia, anus, or mouth. The chancre is usually painless and can go unnoticed, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. The sore typically heals on its own within three to six weeks, but without treatment, the infection can progress to secondary syphilis and beyond. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, supported by serological tests such as the rapid plasma reagin (RPR) or the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) tests, followed by confirmatory treponemal tests. Treatment involves the administration of benzathine penicillin G, which is effective in eradicating the infection. Contact tracing is crucial to prevent further transmission, as syphilis is highly contagious during this stage. Education on safe sexual practices is also essential to reduce the risk of reinfection and transmission.
Detailed clinical notes on the presentation of the chancre and serological test results.
Patients presenting with genital ulcers or sores, often with a history of unprotected sexual contact.
Consideration of co-infections and the need for comprehensive STI screening.
Thorough sexual history and documentation of patient education on STI prevention.
Routine screening in high-risk populations and management of symptomatic patients.
Importance of contact tracing and follow-up care.
Used to confirm diagnosis of primary genital syphilis.
Document the reason for testing and results.
Infectious disease specialists may require additional serological tests.
The primary symptom is a painless sore (chancre) at the site of infection, which may go unnoticed. Other systemic symptoms may not appear until later stages.
