Rabies virus encephalitis
ICD-10 A81.2 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of rabies virus encephalitis.
Rabies virus encephalitis is a severe viral infection of the central nervous system (CNS) caused by the rabies virus, which is a member of the Lyssavirus genus. The disease is typically transmitted through the bite of an infected animal, most commonly bats, dogs, and raccoons. Following exposure, the virus travels along peripheral nerves to the CNS, leading to inflammation of the brain and spinal cord. Clinical manifestations include fever, headache, confusion, agitation, hydrophobia, and paralysis, which can progress rapidly to coma and death if not treated promptly. The incubation period can vary, but symptoms usually appear within one to three months after exposure. Vaccination against rabies is crucial for individuals at risk, particularly those who work with animals or in endemic areas. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) with rabies vaccine and rabies immune globulin is essential after potential exposure to prevent the onset of the disease. Accurate coding of rabies virus encephalitis is critical for appropriate treatment and public health reporting.
Detailed history of exposure, vaccination status, and clinical symptoms.
Patients presenting with neurological symptoms after animal bites.
Ensure thorough documentation of vaccination history and any post-exposure prophylaxis administered.
Neurological examination findings, imaging results, and symptom progression.
Patients with acute neurological decline and suspected viral encephalitis.
Document differential diagnoses and rationale for coding A81.2.
Administering rabies vaccine post-exposure.
Document vaccine type, dosage, and administration date.
Ensure proper coding for vaccine administration in relation to exposure.
Documenting vaccination status is crucial as it influences treatment decisions and coding accuracy. It helps determine the need for post-exposure prophylaxis and impacts the clinical management of the patient.
