Kuru
ICD-10 A81.81 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of kuru.
Kuru is a rare and fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by prion infection, primarily associated with the consumption of infected human brain tissue. It is characterized by progressive neurological symptoms, including tremors, loss of coordination, and cognitive decline. The disease was historically prevalent among the Fore people of Papua New Guinea, where ritualistic cannibalism led to its transmission. Kuru is classified under the category of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), which are caused by misfolded proteins known as prions. The incubation period for kuru can span several years, and once symptoms appear, the disease progresses rapidly, leading to severe neurological impairment and ultimately death. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, supported by a history of exposure to infected tissue and the presence of characteristic symptoms. There is currently no cure or effective treatment for kuru, making prevention through public health measures critical. Vaccination status is not applicable for kuru, as it is not a viral infection and does not respond to traditional vaccines. Understanding the epidemiology and transmission routes of kuru is essential for healthcare providers, particularly in regions where prion diseases are a concern.
Detailed neurological examination findings, patient history of exposure to prion-infected tissues, and symptom progression.
Patients presenting with tremors, ataxia, and cognitive decline, particularly with a history of cannibalistic practices.
Neurologists should ensure comprehensive documentation to support the diagnosis and rule out other conditions.
History of potential exposure to prion diseases, laboratory findings, and differential diagnoses.
Patients with neurological symptoms and a history of travel to endemic regions.
Infectious disease specialists must be aware of the unique nature of prion diseases and their non-viral transmission.
Used for follow-up visits of patients diagnosed with kuru.
Detailed history, examination findings, and treatment plan.
Neurologists should document neurological assessments thoroughly.
Kuru is caused by prion infection, primarily through the consumption of infected human brain tissue, leading to neurodegenerative changes.
