Herpesviral meningitis
ICD-10 B01.0 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of herpesviral meningitis.
Herpesviral meningitis is an inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, primarily caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). This condition can occur in both adults and children, with HSV type 1 being the most common causative agent. Patients typically present with symptoms such as fever, headache, neck stiffness, and altered mental status. Diagnosis is often confirmed through lumbar puncture, revealing pleocytosis with a predominance of lymphocytes and elevated protein levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Herpesviral meningitis can occur as a primary infection or as a reactivation of latent virus, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. While the prognosis is generally favorable with appropriate antiviral therapy, complications such as seizures, neurological deficits, or progression to encephalitis can occur, necessitating prompt medical intervention. Vaccination against HSV is not currently available, making preventive measures and early recognition critical in managing this condition.
Detailed neurological examination findings, CSF analysis results, and treatment plans.
Patients presenting with acute onset of headache, fever, and altered mental status.
Ensure documentation reflects the severity of symptoms and any neurological deficits.
History of exposure, laboratory confirmation of HSV, and treatment response.
Patients with recurrent herpes infections presenting with neurological symptoms.
Document any immunocompromised status that may affect the clinical course.
Used to obtain CSF for analysis in suspected meningitis cases.
Document indication for procedure, consent, and findings.
Neurology specialists should ensure detailed documentation of CSF analysis results.
Common symptoms include fever, headache, neck stiffness, nausea, vomiting, and altered mental status. Some patients may also experience seizures.
Diagnosis is typically made through lumbar puncture, with CSF analysis showing elevated lymphocytes and positive PCR for HSV.
Treatment usually involves antiviral medications such as acyclovir, along with supportive care to manage symptoms.
