Herpesviral meningitis
ICD-10 B01.2 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of herpesviral meningitis.
Herpesviral meningitis is an inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, primarily caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). It can occur in both adults and children, with HSV type 1 being the most common causative agent. Patients typically present with symptoms such as fever, headache, neck stiffness, and altered mental status. Diagnosis is often confirmed through lumbar puncture, revealing pleocytosis with a predominance of lymphocytes and the presence of HSV DNA via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. While herpesviral meningitis is generally less severe than bacterial meningitis, it can lead to complications such as seizures, neurological deficits, and in rare cases, death. Treatment usually involves antiviral medications, such as acyclovir, which can significantly reduce morbidity if administered early. Vaccination against HSV is not currently available, making prevention strategies focused on reducing transmission risk, particularly in sexually active populations.
Detailed clinical history, laboratory results, and treatment plans.
Patients presenting with fever and neurological symptoms, requiring differential diagnosis.
Ensure accurate documentation of viral testing and response to antiviral therapy.
Neurological examination findings, imaging studies, and follow-up assessments.
Patients with altered mental status and neurological deficits.
Document any seizures or long-term neurological impacts for comprehensive coding.
Used to obtain CSF for analysis in suspected meningitis cases.
Document indication for procedure, consent, and findings.
Ensure neurologists document neurological assessments pre- and post-procedure.
Common symptoms include fever, headache, neck stiffness, nausea, vomiting, and altered mental status.
Diagnosis is typically made through lumbar puncture and analysis of cerebrospinal fluid, which may show elevated white blood cells and positive HSV PCR.
Treatment usually involves antiviral medications such as acyclovir, especially if diagnosed early.
