Measles with encephalitis
ICD-10 B05.4 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of measles with encephalitis.
Measles with encephalitis is a severe complication of measles, a highly contagious viral infection caused by the measles virus. Encephalitis, an inflammation of the brain, can occur in approximately 1 in 1,000 cases of measles. The condition is characterized by symptoms such as high fever, seizures, confusion, and altered consciousness. The pathophysiology involves the immune response to the viral infection, leading to inflammation and potential neurological damage. Diagnosis is typically confirmed through clinical evaluation and serological testing for measles-specific IgM antibodies. Vaccination against measles, primarily through the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine, is crucial in preventing this disease and its complications. The incidence of measles has significantly decreased in vaccinated populations, but outbreaks can still occur, particularly in areas with low vaccination rates. Prompt recognition and management of encephalitis are essential to minimize long-term neurological sequelae.
Detailed clinical notes on vaccination status, symptoms, and neurological assessments.
Children presenting with fever, rash, and neurological symptoms post-measles infection.
Ensure vaccination history is documented to support the diagnosis.
Neurological examination findings, imaging results, and treatment plans.
Patients with seizures or altered mental status following measles infection.
Document any differential diagnoses considered during evaluation.
Administering the MMR vaccine to prevent measles.
Document vaccine type, date administered, and patient consent.
Pediatricians should ensure accurate vaccination records are maintained.
Symptoms include high fever, rash, seizures, confusion, and altered consciousness, typically occurring 7-10 days after the measles rash.
