Exanthema subitum [sixth disease], unspecified
ICD-10 B08.20 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of exanthema subitum [sixth disease], unspecified.
Exanthema subitum, commonly known as sixth disease, is a viral infection primarily affecting infants and young children, typically between the ages of 6 months and 2 years. It is caused by human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and, less commonly, human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7). The condition is characterized by a sudden high fever lasting 3 to 5 days, followed by a distinctive rash that appears as the fever subsides. The rash usually starts on the trunk and then spreads to the face and extremities, presenting as small, pink spots. While the illness is generally mild and self-limiting, it can occasionally lead to febrile seizures in susceptible children. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic fever and rash pattern, and is often confirmed through serological testing. Vaccination against HHV-6 is not currently available, and management focuses on symptomatic relief. Complications are rare but can include encephalitis or other neurological manifestations in immunocompromised patients.
Detailed history of fever and rash, including onset and duration.
Infants presenting with high fever followed by a rash.
Consideration of febrile seizures and parental education on the benign nature of the disease.
Serological testing results and differential diagnosis considerations.
Immunocompromised patients presenting with atypical symptoms.
Need for thorough evaluation to rule out other viral infections.
When administering vaccines to prevent other viral infections.
Document vaccine type, dosage, and patient response.
Pediatricians should ensure that vaccination history is up to date.
Exanthema subitum primarily affects infants and young children, typically between 6 months and 2 years of age.
Diagnosis is usually clinical, based on the sudden onset of fever followed by a characteristic rash. Laboratory tests can confirm the presence of HHV-6 antibodies.
Currently, there are no vaccines available specifically for exanthema subitum caused by HHV-6.
