Folate deficiency anemia
Chapter 3:Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs
ICD-10 D52 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of folate deficiency anemia.
Folate deficiency anemia is a type of megaloblastic anemia characterized by a deficiency of folate (vitamin B9), which is essential for DNA synthesis and red blood cell production. This condition leads to the production of abnormally large red blood cells that are ineffective in transporting oxygen. Folate deficiency can arise from inadequate dietary intake, malabsorption syndromes, increased demand during pregnancy or lactation, and certain medications that interfere with folate metabolism. Symptoms may include fatigue, weakness, pallor, and shortness of breath. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests showing low serum folate levels and macrocytic anemia. Treatment focuses on dietary modification to include folate-rich foods, such as leafy greens, legumes, and fortified cereals, along with oral or injectable folate supplements. Monitoring of hemoglobin levels and reticulocyte counts is essential to assess the response to treatment and ensure resolution of anemia.
Detailed blood work results, including complete blood count (CBC) and serum folate levels.
Patients presenting with fatigue and pallor, requiring differential diagnosis of anemia types.
Ensure that all laboratory results are clearly documented and correlate with clinical findings.
Comprehensive dietary assessments and recommendations for folate-rich foods.
Patients with dietary restrictions or malabsorption syndromes requiring nutritional intervention.
Documenting the patient's dietary habits and any supplements taken to support the diagnosis.
Used to evaluate anemia and monitor treatment response.
Document the reason for the CBC and any relevant clinical findings.
Hematology specialists should ensure all lab results are correlated with clinical symptoms.
Common causes include inadequate dietary intake, malabsorption syndromes, increased physiological demands during pregnancy, and certain medications that interfere with folate metabolism.
Treatment typically involves dietary modifications to include folate-rich foods and supplementation with folate, either orally or via injection, depending on the severity of the deficiency.
