Drug-induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia
ICD-10 D59.0 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of drug-induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
Drug-induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a condition characterized by the destruction of red blood cells (RBCs) due to an autoimmune response triggered by certain medications. In this condition, the immune system mistakenly identifies RBCs as foreign and produces antibodies against them, leading to hemolysis. Common drugs associated with AIHA include penicillin, cephalosporins, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Patients may present with symptoms such as fatigue, pallor, jaundice, and dark urine. Laboratory findings typically reveal a positive direct Coombs test, low hemoglobin levels, and elevated reticulocyte counts. The management of drug-induced AIHA involves discontinuation of the offending medication and may require corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive therapies to control the immune response. Understanding the underlying mechanisms, including the role of genetic predispositions and enzyme deficiencies, is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment.
Detailed patient history, including medication use and laboratory results.
Patients presenting with unexplained anemia and a history of recent medication changes.
Need for comprehensive lab work to confirm diagnosis and rule out other conditions.
Thorough documentation of symptoms, medication history, and referrals to specialists.
Initial evaluation of patients with fatigue and pallor.
Importance of recognizing potential drug interactions and side effects.
Used to evaluate anemia severity and reticulocyte response.
Document the reason for the CBC and reticulocyte count.
Hematologists may require additional tests to assess hemolysis.
Common drugs include penicillin, cephalosporins, and NSAIDs. It's important to review the patient's medication history thoroughly.
