Constitutional aplastic anemia
ICD-10 D61.0 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of constitutional aplastic anemia.
Constitutional aplastic anemia is a rare hematological disorder characterized by the failure of the bone marrow to produce adequate amounts of blood cells, leading to pancytopenia (a reduction in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets). This condition is often hereditary and can be associated with genetic mutations that affect hematopoietic stem cells. Patients may present with symptoms such as fatigue, recurrent infections, and easy bruising or bleeding due to low blood cell counts. The pathophysiology involves an autoimmune response where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the bone marrow, leading to its failure. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests showing low blood cell counts and a bone marrow biopsy revealing hypocellularity. Treatment options may include immunosuppressive therapy, bone marrow transplantation, and supportive care. The prognosis varies depending on the severity of the condition and the response to treatment, making early diagnosis and management crucial.
Detailed patient history, laboratory results, and treatment plans must be documented.
Patients presenting with unexplained anemia, recurrent infections, or bleeding tendencies.
Documentation should clearly differentiate between constitutional and acquired causes.
Genetic testing results and family history must be included.
Patients with a family history of blood disorders or unexplained hematological issues.
Genetic counseling notes should be documented to support coding.
Used to monitor blood cell counts in patients with aplastic anemia.
Document the reason for the CBC and any abnormal findings.
Hematologists should ensure that the CBC results are linked to the diagnosis.
Constitutional aplastic anemia is typically hereditary and results from genetic mutations affecting bone marrow function, while acquired aplastic anemia is often due to environmental factors, medications, or infections that damage the bone marrow.
