Drug-induced aplastic anemia
ICD-10 D61.1 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of drug-induced aplastic anemia.
Drug-induced aplastic anemia is a serious hematological condition characterized by the failure of the bone marrow to produce adequate amounts of blood cells, leading to pancytopenia (a reduction in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets). This condition can be triggered by various medications, including certain antibiotics, anticonvulsants, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The pathophysiology involves an immune-mediated destruction of hematopoietic stem cells or direct toxicity to the bone marrow. Patients may present with symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, increased susceptibility to infections, and bleeding tendencies due to low platelet counts. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests showing low blood cell counts and a bone marrow biopsy revealing hypocellularity. Management may include discontinuation of the offending drug, supportive care, and in severe cases, immunosuppressive therapy or bone marrow transplantation. Early recognition and intervention are crucial to improve outcomes.
Detailed patient history, including medication use, lab results, and treatment plans.
Patients presenting with unexplained anemia, recurrent infections, or bleeding episodes.
Close monitoring of blood counts and potential need for transfusions or immunosuppressive therapy.
Comprehensive medication review and assessment of symptoms related to anemia.
Initial evaluation of patients with fatigue and pallor, followed by referral to hematology.
Awareness of common medications that can induce aplastic anemia.
Used to evaluate the severity of anemia and monitor blood counts in patients with D61.1.
Document the reason for the CBC and any relevant clinical findings.
Hematologists may require more frequent monitoring of blood counts.
Common drugs include chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, certain anticonvulsants, and NSAIDs. It is crucial to review the patient's medication history to identify potential culprits.
