Posttransfusion purpura
ICD-10 D69.51 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of posttransfusion purpura.
Posttransfusion purpura (PTP) is a rare but serious bleeding disorder that occurs following a blood transfusion. It is characterized by the sudden onset of thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) and purpura (purple spots on the skin due to bleeding underneath). PTP is primarily associated with the development of anti-platelet antibodies, particularly against platelet-specific antigens, which can occur after the transfusion of blood products containing these antigens. The condition is most commonly seen in women who have previously been sensitized to these antigens through pregnancy or prior transfusions. The pathophysiology involves the immune-mediated destruction of platelets, leading to significant bleeding risks. Clinically, patients may present with petechiae, ecchymosis, and in severe cases, life-threatening hemorrhage. Diagnosis is typically confirmed through laboratory tests showing low platelet counts and the presence of specific antibodies. Management includes the cessation of transfusions, supportive care, and in some cases, the use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) or platelet transfusions, although the latter may be ineffective due to the underlying antibody-mediated destruction.
Detailed history of transfusions, laboratory results showing platelet counts and antibody testing.
Patients presenting with unexplained thrombocytopenia post-transfusion.
Ensure accurate documentation of prior transfusions and any obstetric history.
Complete transfusion records, including product details and patient reactions.
Monitoring patients for adverse reactions post-transfusion.
Documentation of the specific blood products used and any adverse reactions noted.
Used when a patient receives a blood transfusion that may lead to PTP.
Document the type of blood product, patient reactions, and any follow-up care.
Transfusion medicine specialists should ensure accurate records of transfusion history.
Posttransfusion purpura is primarily caused by the development of antibodies against platelet-specific antigens following a blood transfusion, leading to the destruction of platelets.
