Hypersplenism
ICD-10 D73.1 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of hypersplenism.
Hypersplenism is a clinical condition characterized by an overactive spleen that leads to the excessive destruction of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. This condition can result in cytopenias, particularly neutropenia, which is a decrease in the number of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell essential for fighting infections. Hypersplenism can be secondary to various underlying disorders, including liver disease, hematological malignancies, and infections. The spleen plays a crucial role in filtering blood and managing immune responses; thus, its hyperactivity can lead to significant immunodeficiency and increased susceptibility to infections. Patients may present with symptoms such as fatigue, recurrent infections, and easy bruising or bleeding due to thrombocytopenia. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests showing cytopenias, imaging studies to assess spleen size, and evaluation of underlying causes. Management focuses on treating the underlying condition and may include splenectomy in severe cases. Understanding hypersplenism is vital for medical coders, as it often intersects with various white blood cell disorders and immunodeficiencies, necessitating accurate coding for effective patient management.
Detailed blood work results, including complete blood count (CBC) and peripheral blood smear.
Patients presenting with unexplained cytopenias or recurrent infections.
Documentation should clearly outline the relationship between hypersplenism and any underlying hematological disorders.
Liver function tests and imaging studies to assess for portal hypertension.
Patients with liver disease presenting with splenomegaly and cytopenias.
Ensure documentation reflects the connection between liver disease and hypersplenism.
Used to evaluate blood cell counts in patients suspected of hypersplenism.
Document the reason for the CBC and any relevant clinical findings.
Hematology specialists should ensure comprehensive documentation of blood cell abnormalities.
Common causes include liver disease, hematological malignancies, infections, and autoimmune disorders. Each of these can lead to increased splenic activity and subsequent cytopenias.
