Cytokine release syndrome
ICD-10 D89.83 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of cytokine release syndrome.
Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is a systemic inflammatory response that can occur following certain therapies, particularly those involving immunotherapy, such as CAR T-cell therapy or monoclonal antibodies. It is characterized by the rapid release of cytokines into the bloodstream, leading to a cascade of inflammatory responses. Clinically, CRS can manifest with symptoms ranging from mild flu-like symptoms to severe complications such as high fever, hypotension, hypoxia, and multi-organ dysfunction. The pathophysiology involves the activation of T-cells and macrophages, which release pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Diagnosis is primarily clinical, supported by laboratory findings that may show elevated inflammatory markers. Management may include supportive care and targeted therapies such as tocilizumab, an IL-6 receptor antagonist. Understanding CRS is crucial for healthcare providers, especially in oncology and hematology, as timely recognition and intervention can significantly impact patient outcomes.
Detailed records of treatment protocols, patient symptoms, and response to therapy.
Patients receiving CAR T-cell therapy or monoclonal antibodies experiencing fever and hypotension.
Documentation must clearly link CRS to the specific therapy administered.
Comprehensive assessment of vital signs, laboratory results, and immediate interventions.
Patients presenting to the ER with acute symptoms post-immunotherapy.
Rapid recognition and documentation of CRS symptoms are critical for appropriate coding.
Used when administering chemotherapy that may lead to CRS.
Document the type of chemotherapy, dosage, and patient response.
Oncology specialists should ensure accurate coding of chemotherapy-related complications.
Cytokine Release Syndrome is primarily caused by immunotherapies, particularly CAR T-cell therapies and monoclonal antibodies, which activate the immune system and lead to a rapid release of cytokines.
