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ICD-10 Guide
ICD-10 CodesF33.9

F33.9

Billable

Major depressive disorder, recurrent, unspecified

BILLABLE STATUSYes
IMPLEMENTATION DATEOctober 1, 2015
LAST UPDATED09/05/2025

Code Description

ICD-10 F33.9 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of major depressive disorder, recurrent, unspecified.

Key Diagnostic Point:

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest or pleasure in previously enjoyed activities. The recurrent form of MDD indicates that the individual has experienced multiple episodes of depression, with symptoms lasting for at least two weeks during each episode. The unspecified designation is used when the clinician does not specify the severity or specific features of the depressive episodes. Symptoms may include changes in appetite, sleep disturbances, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, feelings of worthlessness, and recurrent thoughts of death or suicide. The diagnosis is made based on clinical assessment, including a thorough history and mental status examination. Treatment often involves a combination of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy, including the use of mood stabilizers and antidepressants. Given the recurrent nature of the disorder, ongoing management and monitoring for suicide risk are critical components of care.

Code Complexity Analysis

Complexity Rating: Medium

Medium Complexity

Complexity Factors

  • Variability in symptom presentation and severity
  • Need for comprehensive patient history and assessment
  • Differentiation from other mood disorders, such as bipolar disorder
  • Potential for co-morbid conditions affecting treatment

Audit Risk Factors

  • Inadequate documentation of recurrent episodes
  • Failure to assess and document suicide risk
  • Lack of clear treatment plans or follow-up notes
  • Misclassification of the disorder as unspecified when more specific codes apply

Specialty Focus

Medical Specialties

Psychiatry

Documentation Requirements

Detailed mental status examination, treatment history, and risk assessments.

Common Clinical Scenarios

Initial diagnosis of recurrent depression, treatment planning, and medication management.

Billing Considerations

Ensure thorough documentation of all episodes and treatment responses to support the diagnosis.

Primary Care

Documentation Requirements

Routine screening for depression, documentation of patient-reported symptoms, and follow-up care notes.

Common Clinical Scenarios

Screening for depression during annual wellness visits, managing medication refills, and coordinating care with mental health specialists.

Billing Considerations

Primary care providers should be vigilant about assessing suicide risk and referring to specialists when necessary.

Coding Guidelines

Inclusion Criteria

Use F33.9 When
  • According to ICD
  • 10 guidelines, F33
  • 9 should be used when the clinician does not specify the severity or features of the recurrent depressive episodes
  • It is essential to document the recurrent nature of the disorder and any relevant treatment history

Exclusion Criteria

Do NOT use F33.9 When
No specific exclusions found.

Related ICD-10 Codes

Related CPT Codes

90834CPT Code

Psychotherapy, 45 minutes with patient

Clinical Scenario

Used during therapy sessions for patients diagnosed with F33.9.

Documentation Requirements

Document the duration of the session and the therapeutic interventions used.

Specialty Considerations

Psychiatrists and licensed therapists should ensure that the treatment plan aligns with the diagnosis.

ICD-10 Impact

Diagnostic & Documentation Impact

Enhanced Specificity

ICD-10 Improvements

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for more specific coding of mood disorders, including the differentiation of recurrent episodes of major depressive disorder. This specificity aids in better tracking of treatment outcomes and resource allocation.

ICD-9 vs ICD-10

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for more specific coding of mood disorders, including the differentiation of recurrent episodes of major depressive disorder. This specificity aids in better tracking of treatment outcomes and resource allocation.

Reimbursement & Billing Impact

reimbursement and compliance.

Resources

Clinical References

  • •
    American Psychiatric Association - Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Coding & Billing References

  • •
    American Psychiatric Association - Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Frequently Asked Questions

What distinguishes F33.9 from other depressive disorder codes?

F33.9 is specifically for recurrent major depressive disorder without specified severity or features, while other codes may indicate single episodes or varying severity levels.