Encephalitis, myelitis and encephalomyelitis
Chapter 6:Diseases of the nervous system
ICD-10 G04 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of encephalitis, myelitis and encephalomyelitis.
Encephalitis, myelitis, and encephalomyelitis are inflammatory conditions affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Encephalitis refers to inflammation of the brain, often caused by viral infections, autoimmune responses, or bacterial infections. Myelitis involves inflammation of the spinal cord, which can lead to neurological deficits, paralysis, and sensory disturbances. Encephalomyelitis combines both brain and spinal cord inflammation, presenting a complex clinical picture. These conditions can arise from various infectious agents, including viruses (e.g., herpes simplex virus, West Nile virus), bacteria (e.g., Lyme disease), and even post-infectious autoimmune reactions. Symptoms may include fever, headache, confusion, seizures, and neurological deficits. Diagnosis typically involves clinical evaluation, imaging studies (like MRI), and laboratory tests (such as lumbar puncture for cerebrospinal fluid analysis). Prompt recognition and treatment are crucial to prevent long-term complications or mortality.
Detailed neurological examination findings, imaging results, and laboratory test results.
Patients presenting with altered mental status, seizures, or focal neurological deficits.
Ensure clarity in distinguishing between encephalitis and other CNS infections.
Identification of infectious agents through cultures, serologies, and PCR testing.
Patients with suspected viral or bacterial CNS infections requiring specialized testing.
Document the timeline of infection and any relevant travel history.
Used to obtain cerebrospinal fluid for analysis in suspected encephalitis.
Document indication for lumbar puncture and findings from CSF analysis.
Neurology should ensure proper technique and interpretation of results.
Common causes include viral infections (e.g., herpes simplex virus, West Nile virus), bacterial infections, and autoimmune conditions.
Diagnosis typically involves clinical evaluation, imaging studies (like MRI), and lumbar puncture for cerebrospinal fluid analysis.
