Postinfectious acute necrotizing hemorrhagic encephalopathy
ICD-10 G04.31 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of postinfectious acute necrotizing hemorrhagic encephalopathy.
Postinfectious acute necrotizing hemorrhagic encephalopathy (PANHE) is a rare but severe neurological condition that typically occurs following a viral infection, such as influenza or other viral encephalitides. It is characterized by rapid onset of neurological symptoms, including altered mental status, seizures, and focal neurological deficits. The condition is marked by necrosis and hemorrhage in the brain, particularly affecting the basal ganglia and thalamus. Diagnosis is often made through imaging studies, such as MRI, which reveal characteristic findings of edema and hemorrhage. The pathophysiology involves an autoimmune response triggered by the preceding infection, leading to inflammation and damage to the central nervous system (CNS). Management typically includes supportive care, seizure control, and addressing any underlying infections. Early recognition and intervention are crucial to improve outcomes, as the condition can progress rapidly and lead to significant morbidity or mortality.
Detailed neurological examination findings, imaging results, and history of recent infections.
Patients presenting with seizures, altered mental status, or focal neurological deficits following a viral illness.
Ensure comprehensive documentation of the clinical course and any autoimmune markers if applicable.
History of infectious illness, laboratory results confirming prior infections, and treatment details.
Patients with a history of viral infections presenting with neurological symptoms.
Document the timeline of infection and neurological symptom onset to establish causality.
Used to evaluate for hemorrhagic changes in the brain.
Document the indication for the CT scan and findings.
Neurologists may require additional imaging studies based on clinical presentation.
Common symptoms include seizures, altered mental status, focal neurological deficits, and signs of increased intracranial pressure.
Diagnosis is based on clinical history of a preceding viral infection, neurological examination, and imaging studies showing characteristic findings.
