Secondary parkinsonism due to other external agents
ICD-10 G21.2 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of secondary parkinsonism due to other external agents.
Secondary parkinsonism refers to a group of movement disorders that mimic the symptoms of Parkinson's disease but are caused by external factors rather than primary neurodegenerative processes. This condition can arise from various external agents, including certain medications, toxins, or infections. Commonly implicated agents include antipsychotic medications, which can induce extrapyramidal symptoms, and neurotoxins such as carbon monoxide or manganese. Patients may present with bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremors, similar to those seen in idiopathic Parkinson's disease. However, the distinguishing factor is the identifiable external cause. Diagnosis typically involves a thorough patient history, including medication review and exposure history, along with neurological examination. Management focuses on addressing the underlying cause, which may involve discontinuation of offending agents and symptomatic treatment with dopaminergic medications or other therapies. Understanding the etiology is crucial for effective treatment and prognosis, as secondary parkinsonism may be reversible if the causative agent is removed.
Detailed patient history, including medication and exposure history, neurological examination findings.
Patients presenting with new-onset parkinsonism after starting antipsychotic medications.
Consideration of the timeline of symptom onset in relation to exposure to external agents.
Documentation of psychiatric medications prescribed and their potential side effects.
Patients experiencing extrapyramidal symptoms while on antipsychotic therapy.
Monitoring for movement disorders in patients receiving long-term antipsychotic treatment.
Used for follow-up visits for patients with secondary parkinsonism.
Document the patient's history, medication review, and neurological examination findings.
Neurologists should focus on the impact of external agents on symptoms.
Common external agents include antipsychotic medications, certain antiemetics, and neurotoxins such as carbon monoxide and manganese.
Secondary parkinsonism can be differentiated by identifying an external cause, such as medication history or toxin exposure, and by the timeline of symptom onset.
