Stiff-man syndrome
ICD-10 G25.82 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of stiff-man syndrome.
Stiff-man syndrome (SMS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by severe muscle stiffness and spasms, primarily affecting the trunk and limbs. The condition is often associated with autoimmune processes, particularly the presence of anti-GAD (glutamic acid decarboxylase) antibodies. Patients typically present with progressive stiffness, which can lead to significant disability and impaired mobility. The muscle rigidity is often exacerbated by emotional stress or sudden movements, leading to episodes of spasms that can be painful and debilitating. SMS can be confused with other movement disorders, such as Parkinson's disease or other extrapyramidal disorders, due to overlapping symptoms like rigidity and bradykinesia. However, SMS is distinct in its pathophysiology, which involves a loss of inhibitory neurotransmission due to GABAergic dysfunction. Treatment often includes the use of immunotherapy, muscle relaxants, and dopaminergic medications, which may help alleviate some symptoms but do not cure the underlying condition. Accurate diagnosis and coding are essential for appropriate management and reimbursement.
Detailed clinical notes including symptom onset, progression, and response to treatment.
Patients presenting with muscle stiffness and spasms, particularly after stress or sudden movements.
Documentation of antibody testing and response to immunotherapy is crucial for accurate coding.
Comprehensive autoimmune workup and history of other autoimmune conditions.
Patients with suspected autoimmune etiology presenting with stiffness and muscle spasms.
Coordination with neurology for comprehensive management and documentation of overlapping symptoms.
Used for follow-up visits for SMS management.
Detailed history, examination, and treatment plan.
Neurology specialists should document neurological assessments thoroughly.
The primary symptoms include severe muscle stiffness, spasms, and rigidity, particularly in the trunk and limbs, often triggered by stress or sudden movements.
Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation, the presence of anti-GAD antibodies, and exclusion of other movement disorders.
Treatment options include immunotherapy, muscle relaxants, and dopaminergic medications, although responses can vary significantly among patients.
