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v1.0.0
ICD-10 Guide
ICD-10 CodesP36.9

P36.9

Billable

Bacterial sepsis of newborn, unspecified

BILLABLE STATUSYes
IMPLEMENTATION DATEOctober 1, 2015
LAST UPDATED09/11/2025

Code Description

ICD-10 P36.9 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of bacterial sepsis of newborn, unspecified.

Key Diagnostic Point:

Bacterial sepsis in newborns is a serious condition characterized by the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream, leading to systemic infection. This condition can arise from various bacterial pathogens, with Group B Streptococcus (GBS) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) being the most common culprits. Newborns are particularly vulnerable due to their immature immune systems, which can result in rapid deterioration if sepsis is not promptly identified and treated. Clinical manifestations may include lethargy, poor feeding, temperature instability, respiratory distress, and hypotonia. Diagnosis typically involves blood cultures, complete blood counts, and clinical evaluation. Treatment usually consists of broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics, with adjustments made based on culture results. Early recognition and intervention are crucial to improving outcomes in affected infants. The unspecified nature of this code indicates that the specific bacterial organism has not been identified, necessitating careful clinical documentation to support the diagnosis and treatment provided.

Code Complexity Analysis

Complexity Rating: Medium

Medium Complexity

Complexity Factors

  • Variability in clinical presentation among newborns.
  • Need for precise documentation of clinical findings.
  • Differentiation from other neonatal infections.
  • Potential for multiple bacterial pathogens.

Audit Risk Factors

  • Inadequate documentation of clinical symptoms.
  • Failure to specify the causative organism when known.
  • Inconsistent coding practices across providers.
  • Lack of supporting lab results in the medical record.

Specialty Focus

Medical Specialties

Neonatology

Documentation Requirements

Detailed clinical notes including vital signs, laboratory results, and treatment plans.

Common Clinical Scenarios

Infants presenting with lethargy and poor feeding in the NICU, requiring sepsis workup.

Billing Considerations

Accurate coding requires clear documentation of clinical findings and treatment responses.

Pediatrics

Documentation Requirements

Comprehensive history and physical examination, including maternal history and delivery details.

Common Clinical Scenarios

Pediatric follow-up visits for infants discharged after treatment for sepsis.

Billing Considerations

Consideration of long-term outcomes and potential complications in pediatric follow-up.

Coding Guidelines

Inclusion Criteria

Use P36.9 When
  • Follow official ICD
  • 10 guidelines for coding sepsis, ensuring that documentation supports the diagnosis and reflects the clinical picture
  • Use additional codes for any identified complications or specific pathogens when applicable

Exclusion Criteria

Do NOT use P36.9 When
No specific exclusions found.

Related ICD-10 Codes

Related CPT Codes

99291CPT Code

Critical care, evaluation and management of the critically ill infant or child

Clinical Scenario

Used when a newborn with sepsis requires intensive monitoring and management.

Documentation Requirements

Detailed documentation of critical care services provided.

Specialty Considerations

Neonatologists must document the severity of illness and time spent on critical care.

ICD-10 Impact

Diagnostic & Documentation Impact

Enhanced Specificity

ICD-10 Improvements

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for more specific coding of neonatal conditions, improving the ability to track and manage bacterial sepsis cases. However, the unspecified nature of P36.9 can lead to challenges in data analysis and reimbursement if not properly documented.

ICD-9 vs ICD-10

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for more specific coding of neonatal conditions, improving the ability to track and manage bacterial sepsis cases. However, the unspecified nature of P36.9 can lead to challenges in data analysis and reimbursement if not properly documented.

Reimbursement & Billing Impact

reimbursement if not properly documented.

Resources

Clinical References

  • •
    CDC Guidelines for the Prevention of Perinatal Group B Streptococcal Disease

Coding & Billing References

  • •
    CDC Guidelines for the Prevention of Perinatal Group B Streptococcal Disease

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the common causes of bacterial sepsis in newborns?

Common causes include Group B Streptococcus, E. coli, and other bacterial infections that can be transmitted during delivery or acquired postnatally. Early identification and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes.