Anemia of prematurity
ICD-10 P61.2 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of anemia of prematurity.
Anemia of prematurity (AOP) is a common hematological disorder in preterm infants, characterized by a decrease in hemoglobin concentration and red blood cell mass. This condition arises due to several factors, including inadequate erythropoiesis, shortened red blood cell lifespan, and blood loss from frequent laboratory testing. Premature infants often have lower levels of erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates red blood cell production, which contributes to the development of anemia. Clinical manifestations may include pallor, lethargy, and poor feeding. Management typically involves supportive care, including iron supplementation and, in some cases, blood transfusions. Understanding the pathophysiology of AOP is crucial for effective management and coding, as it often coexists with other conditions such as thrombocytopenia and polycythemia, which can complicate the clinical picture and coding process.
Detailed records of hemoglobin levels, erythropoietin levels, and transfusion history.
Management of preterm infants with low hemoglobin levels in the NICU.
Consideration of gestational age and weight in treatment decisions.
Comprehensive history of perinatal conditions and follow-up care.
Assessment of anemia in infants with a history of prematurity.
Monitoring for long-term effects of anemia on growth and development.
Used frequently in monitoring hemoglobin levels in preterm infants.
Document the reason for blood draws and results.
Neonatologists should ensure minimal blood loss during testing.
The primary cause of anemia of prematurity is the combination of inadequate erythropoiesis due to immature hematopoietic systems and increased red blood cell destruction, often exacerbated by blood loss from frequent laboratory testing.
