Tetany
ICD-10 R29.0 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of tetany.
Tetany is characterized by intermittent muscle spasms, cramps, and involuntary contractions, often resulting from electrolyte imbalances, particularly low calcium levels (hypocalcemia) or low magnesium levels (hypomagnesemia). Patients may present with symptoms such as tingling sensations (paresthesia), muscle stiffness, and spasms, which can affect various muscle groups, including those in the hands and feet. Tetany can also be associated with hyperventilation, leading to respiratory alkalosis, which further exacerbates symptoms. Clinical examination may reveal Chvostek's sign (facial muscle twitching upon tapping) and Trousseau's sign (carpal spasm when blood flow is occluded). Laboratory findings often include low serum calcium, low magnesium, and sometimes low potassium levels. Tetany can occur in various clinical contexts, including post-surgical states, chronic renal failure, and vitamin D deficiency, making it essential for healthcare providers to assess the underlying causes and manage the condition appropriately.
Detailed documentation of symptoms, lab results, and any underlying conditions contributing to tetany.
Patients presenting with muscle cramps and spasms, particularly in the context of renal disease or vitamin deficiencies.
Consideration of chronic conditions that may predispose patients to electrolyte imbalances.
Acute care documentation must include vital signs, immediate lab results, and a thorough assessment of neurological status.
Acute presentations of tetany due to hyperventilation or acute hypocalcemia.
Rapid assessment and intervention are critical; ensure documentation reflects the urgency of the situation.
When evaluating a patient for tetany, an electrolyte panel is essential to assess calcium and magnesium levels.
Document the reason for the electrolyte panel and any relevant clinical findings.
In emergency settings, rapid lab results are critical for timely intervention.
Common causes of tetany include hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hyperventilation, and certain endocrine disorders such as hypoparathyroidism.
Tetany is diagnosed through clinical evaluation of symptoms, physical examination findings, and laboratory tests that confirm electrolyte imbalances.
