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ICD-10 Guide
ICD-10 CodesS12.231

S12.231

Billable

Unspecified traumatic nondisplaced spondylolisthesis of third cervical vertebra

BILLABLE STATUSYes
IMPLEMENTATION DATEOctober 1, 2015
LAST UPDATED09/11/2025

Code Description

ICD-10 S12.231 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of unspecified traumatic nondisplaced spondylolisthesis of third cervical vertebra.

Key Diagnostic Point:

S12.231 refers to a specific type of spinal injury characterized by the anterior displacement of the third cervical vertebra (C3) relative to the vertebra below it, without any associated fracture or displacement of the vertebra itself. This condition often arises from traumatic events such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, or sports injuries, where excessive force is applied to the cervical spine. The nondisplaced nature of the spondylolisthesis indicates that while the vertebra has shifted, it remains in alignment with the surrounding vertebrae, which can lead to varying degrees of neurological symptoms depending on the severity of the injury. Clinically, patients may present with neck pain, stiffness, and potential neurological deficits if the spinal cord or nerve roots are compromised. Diagnosis typically involves imaging studies such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs to assess the alignment of the cervical spine and rule out other injuries. Management may include conservative treatment options like physical therapy, pain management, and in some cases, surgical intervention if conservative measures fail or if there is significant neurological compromise.

Code Complexity Analysis

Complexity Rating: Medium

Medium Complexity

Complexity Factors

  • Need for precise documentation of the mechanism of injury
  • Differentiation from other types of spondylolisthesis
  • Understanding of cervical spine anatomy and injury patterns
  • Potential for associated neurological symptoms

Audit Risk Factors

  • Inadequate documentation of the mechanism of injury
  • Failure to specify the nondisplaced nature of the spondylolisthesis
  • Misclassification of the injury type
  • Lack of imaging documentation to support the diagnosis

Specialty Focus

Medical Specialties

Emergency Medicine

Documentation Requirements

Documentation must include a detailed account of the injury mechanism, initial assessment findings, and any imaging results.

Common Clinical Scenarios

Patients presenting with neck pain after a fall or collision, requiring immediate evaluation for potential spinal injuries.

Billing Considerations

Ensure that all relevant imaging studies are documented and correlate with the clinical findings.

Surgery

Documentation Requirements

Operative reports must detail the surgical approach, findings, and any corrective measures taken.

Common Clinical Scenarios

Surgical intervention for decompression or stabilization of the cervical spine in cases of significant displacement or neurological compromise.

Billing Considerations

Accurate coding requires clear documentation of the surgical procedure and its relation to the diagnosis.

Coding Guidelines

Inclusion Criteria

Use S12.231 When
  • Follow the official ICD
  • CM coding guidelines, ensuring that the code reflects the specific nature of the injury and is supported by clinical documentation

Exclusion Criteria

Do NOT use S12.231 When
No specific exclusions found.

Related ICD-10 Codes

Related CPT Codes

22551CPT Code

Arthrodesis, anterior or posterior technique

Clinical Scenario

Used in cases where surgical intervention is required for stabilization of the cervical spine.

Documentation Requirements

Operative report must detail the procedure performed and the rationale for surgery.

Specialty Considerations

Ensure that the surgical approach aligns with the diagnosis of nondisplaced spondylolisthesis.

ICD-10 Impact

Diagnostic & Documentation Impact

Enhanced Specificity

ICD-10 Improvements

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for more specific coding of spinal injuries, improving the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment tracking. S12.231 provides a clear distinction for nondisplaced spondylolisthesis, which was less defined in ICD-9.

ICD-9 vs ICD-10

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for more specific coding of spinal injuries, improving the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment tracking. S12.231 provides a clear distinction for nondisplaced spondylolisthesis, which was less defined in ICD-9.

Reimbursement & Billing Impact

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for more specific coding of spinal injuries, improving the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment tracking. S12.231 provides a clear distinction for nondisplaced spondylolisthesis, which was less defined in ICD-9.

Resources

Clinical References

  • •
    ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting

Coding & Billing References

  • •
    ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between displaced and nondisplaced spondylolisthesis?

Displaced spondylolisthesis involves a significant shift of the vertebra, potentially causing neurological compromise, while nondisplaced spondylolisthesis indicates that the vertebra remains in alignment, often resulting in less severe symptoms.