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ICD-10 Guide
ICD-10 CodesS52.31

S52.31

Billable

Greenstick fracture of shaft of radius

BILLABLE STATUSYes
IMPLEMENTATION DATEOctober 1, 2015
LAST UPDATED09/24/2025

Code Description

ICD-10 S52.31 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of greenstick fracture of shaft of radius.

Key Diagnostic Point:

A greenstick fracture of the shaft of the radius is a type of incomplete fracture commonly seen in pediatric patients, characterized by a bending of the bone without complete disruption. This fracture occurs when the bone bends and cracks on one side while remaining intact on the other, similar to bending a green twig. The radius, one of the two long bones in the forearm, is particularly susceptible to this type of fracture due to its anatomical location and the nature of the forces applied during falls or trauma. Clinically, patients may present with localized pain, swelling, and limited range of motion in the affected arm. Diagnosis is typically confirmed through radiographic imaging, which reveals the characteristic incomplete fracture pattern. Treatment often involves immobilization with a cast or splint, and in some cases, orthopedic intervention may be necessary to ensure proper alignment and healing. Complications such as compartment syndrome, though rare, can occur if swelling is significant, necessitating careful monitoring and potential surgical intervention. Understanding the nuances of this fracture type is crucial for accurate coding and management.

Code Complexity Analysis

Complexity Rating: Medium

Medium Complexity

Complexity Factors

  • Differentiating between complete and incomplete fractures
  • Understanding pediatric versus adult fracture patterns
  • Identifying associated injuries in the forearm
  • Documenting the mechanism of injury accurately

Audit Risk Factors

  • Inadequate documentation of the fracture type
  • Failure to specify laterality (left or right)
  • Misclassification of the fracture as complete
  • Omission of associated injuries or complications

Specialty Focus

Medical Specialties

Orthopedics

Documentation Requirements

Detailed notes on fracture type, location, treatment plan, and follow-up care.

Common Clinical Scenarios

Pediatric patients presenting with forearm pain after a fall.

Billing Considerations

Ensure accurate imaging reports are included to support the diagnosis.

Emergency Medicine

Documentation Requirements

Comprehensive assessment of injury mechanism, initial treatment provided, and any imaging performed.

Common Clinical Scenarios

Patients presenting to the ER with acute forearm pain and swelling.

Billing Considerations

Document any signs of compartment syndrome or neurovascular compromise.

Coding Guidelines

Inclusion Criteria

Use S52.31 When
  • Follow ICD
  • CM guidelines for coding fractures, ensuring to specify the type, location, and laterality
  • Greenstick fractures are classified under the S52 category, which pertains to fractures of the forearm

Exclusion Criteria

Do NOT use S52.31 When
No specific exclusions found.

Related ICD-10 Codes

Related CPT Codes

25600CPT Code

Closed treatment of fracture, radius

Clinical Scenario

Used when a greenstick fracture is treated without surgical intervention.

Documentation Requirements

Document the type of fracture, treatment provided, and follow-up care.

Specialty Considerations

Orthopedic specialists should ensure accurate coding based on treatment type.

ICD-10 Impact

Diagnostic & Documentation Impact

Enhanced Specificity

ICD-10 Improvements

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for more specific coding of fractures, including greenstick fractures, which enhances the accuracy of patient records and treatment plans.

ICD-9 vs ICD-10

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for more specific coding of fractures, including greenstick fractures, which enhances the accuracy of patient records and treatment plans.

Reimbursement & Billing Impact

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for more specific coding of fractures, including greenstick fractures, which enhances the accuracy of patient records and treatment plans.

Resources

Clinical References

  • •
    ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting

Coding & Billing References

  • •
    ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a greenstick fracture?

A greenstick fracture is an incomplete fracture where the bone bends and cracks on one side but does not break all the way through, commonly seen in children.