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v1.0.0
ICD-10 Guide
ICD-10 CodesZ37.1

Z37.1

Single stillbirth

BILLABLE STATUSYes
IMPLEMENTATION DATEOctober 1, 2015
LAST UPDATED09/12/2025

Code Description

ICD-10 Z37.1 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of single stillbirth.

Key Diagnostic Point:

Z37.1 is used to classify a single stillbirth, which is defined as the death of a fetus at or after 20 weeks of gestation, where the fetus shows no signs of life at the time of delivery. This code is crucial for understanding the social determinants of health that may influence pregnancy outcomes, including access to prenatal care, socioeconomic status, and maternal health conditions. Preventive care measures, such as regular prenatal visits, screenings for gestational diabetes, and monitoring of maternal health, are essential to reduce the risk of stillbirth. Additionally, aftercare for parents experiencing a stillbirth is vital, encompassing psychological support and counseling services. The use of this code can help healthcare providers and public health officials track stillbirth rates and identify at-risk populations, thereby informing targeted interventions and resource allocation.

Code Complexity Analysis

Complexity Rating: Medium

Medium Complexity

Complexity Factors

  • Documentation of gestational age at the time of stillbirth
  • Need for comprehensive maternal health history
  • Potential for co-existing conditions affecting pregnancy
  • Variability in state reporting requirements for stillbirth

Audit Risk Factors

  • Inadequate documentation of prenatal care
  • Failure to capture maternal health conditions
  • Misclassification of gestational age
  • Lack of psychological support documentation

Specialty Focus

Medical Specialties

Primary Care

Documentation Requirements

Comprehensive prenatal care records, including visits, screenings, and maternal health assessments.

Common Clinical Scenarios

Routine prenatal checkups, management of high-risk pregnancies, and aftercare following stillbirth.

Billing Considerations

Addressing social determinants such as access to care, mental health support, and socioeconomic factors.

Public Health

Documentation Requirements

Data collection for epidemiological studies, including maternal demographics and health outcomes.

Common Clinical Scenarios

Community health assessments, public health interventions aimed at reducing stillbirth rates.

Billing Considerations

Focus on population health trends and disparities in stillbirth rates among different demographics.

Coding Guidelines

Inclusion Criteria

Use Z37.1 When
  • Z codes should be used to indicate factors influencing health status and contact with health services
  • 1 should be sequenced appropriately, often following codes for complications of pregnancy or delivery
  • Payer requirements may vary, so it is essential to verify specific guidelines for reporting stillbirths

Exclusion Criteria

Do NOT use Z37.1 When
No specific exclusions found.

Related CPT Codes

99406CPT Code

Smoking cessation counseling

Clinical Scenario

Used in conjunction with Z37.1 for mothers who smoke and experience a stillbirth.

Documentation Requirements

Documentation of counseling sessions and smoking status.

Specialty Considerations

Primary care providers should address smoking cessation as part of prenatal care.

ICD-10 Impact

Diagnostic & Documentation Impact

Enhanced Specificity

ICD-10 Improvements

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for greater specificity in coding stillbirths, enabling better tracking of maternal and fetal health outcomes and facilitating targeted public health interventions.

ICD-9 vs ICD-10

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for greater specificity in coding stillbirths, enabling better tracking of maternal and fetal health outcomes and facilitating targeted public health interventions.

Reimbursement & Billing Impact

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for greater specificity in coding stillbirths, enabling better tracking of maternal and fetal health outcomes and facilitating targeted public health interventions.

Resources

Clinical References

  • •
    CDC Stillbirth Prevention Guidelines

Coding & Billing References

  • •
    CDC Stillbirth Prevention Guidelines

Frequently Asked Questions

What documentation is required for coding Z37.1?

Documentation must include the gestational age at the time of stillbirth, maternal health history, and any prenatal care received. Additionally, psychological support provided to the parents should be documented to ensure comprehensive care.