.219

Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma (ICD-10 code H40.219) is a serious ocular condition characterized by a sudden increase in intraocular pressure due to the closure of the anterior chamber angle. This condition can lead to rapid vision loss if not treated promptly. Key clinical points include: 1) It often presents with severe eye pain, headache, nausea, and vomiting; 2) Patients may exhibit blurred vision and halos around lights; 3) A mid-dilated, non-reactive pupil is a common finding; 4) It is more prevalent in individuals with hyperopia (farsightedness) and those of Asian descent. The etiology involves anatomical predispositions that lead to blockage of aqueous humor outflow. Pathophysiologically, the sudden closure of the angle prevents normal drainage, resulting in elevated intraocular pressure, which can damage the optic nerve. Clinical presentation typically includes acute onset of symptoms, requiring immediate ophthalmologic evaluation and intervention to prevent irreversible damage to vision.