Achilles Tendon Rupture

Achilles tendon rupture is a common injury characterized by a complete tear of the Achilles tendon, which connects the calf muscles to the heel bone. This injury often occurs during activities that involve sudden acceleration or deceleration, such as running or jumping. Key clinical points include: 1) It typically presents with sudden pain in the back of the ankle, often described as being kicked; 2) Patients may experience swelling, bruising, and difficulty walking; 3) A positive Thompson test (absence of plantar flexion when the calf is squeezed) is a classic diagnostic indicator. The etiology often involves degeneration of the tendon due to chronic overuse or acute trauma. Pathophysiologically, the rupture leads to a loss of function in the calf muscle, resulting in impaired mobility. Clinical presentation may vary from mild discomfort to severe pain and functional impairment, necessitating prompt medical evaluation and intervention.