Eastern equine encephalitis
ICD-10 A85.2 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of eastern equine encephalitis.
Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) is a rare but serious viral infection that affects the central nervous system (CNS), primarily caused by the Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV). This virus is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes, particularly in areas near marshes and wetlands. The clinical presentation of EEE can range from mild flu-like symptoms to severe neurological complications, including encephalitis, seizures, and coma. Patients may experience high fever, headache, and altered mental status, with rapid progression to neurological deficits. The mortality rate for EEE is significant, with approximately 30% of infected individuals succumbing to the disease, and many survivors may suffer from long-term neurological sequelae. Vaccination against EEE is available for horses and is recommended in endemic areas, but there is currently no specific vaccine for humans. Early diagnosis and supportive care are crucial for improving outcomes in affected individuals.
Thorough documentation of travel history, exposure to mosquitoes, and symptom onset.
Patients presenting with fever, headache, and neurological symptoms after residing in or visiting endemic areas.
Consideration of differential diagnoses and the need for laboratory confirmation of EEE.
Detailed neurological examination findings, imaging results, and treatment plans.
Patients with acute encephalitis symptoms requiring neurological evaluation.
Documentation of long-term neurological outcomes and rehabilitation needs.
Used for confirming EEE diagnosis through laboratory testing.
Document the need for viral testing based on clinical presentation.
Infectious disease specialists may require additional lab results for comprehensive evaluation.
Common symptoms include fever, headache, confusion, seizures, and in severe cases, coma. Symptoms can develop rapidly after infection.
Currently, there is no vaccine for humans. Vaccination is available for horses, which helps reduce the risk of transmission to humans.
