Measles virus encephalitis
ICD-10 B05.2 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of measles virus encephalitis.
Measles virus encephalitis is a rare but serious complication of measles infection, typically occurring 7 to 10 days after the onset of the measles rash. It is characterized by inflammation of the brain, which can lead to neurological deficits, seizures, and even death. The pathophysiology involves the direct invasion of the central nervous system by the measles virus, leading to an immune-mediated response that causes neuronal damage. Symptoms may include fever, headache, confusion, and altered consciousness, progressing to more severe manifestations such as ataxia and coma. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, supported by serological tests for measles virus antibodies and, in some cases, PCR testing of cerebrospinal fluid. Early recognition and management are crucial, as the condition can lead to long-term neurological sequelae. Vaccination against measles is highly effective and is the primary preventive measure against this serious complication.
Detailed history of vaccination status, clinical symptoms, and neurological examination findings.
Children presenting with fever, rash, and neurological symptoms following measles infection.
Consideration of the child's vaccination history and potential for complications from measles.
Comprehensive neurological assessment and imaging studies to evaluate encephalitis.
Patients with altered mental status and seizures following measles infection.
Need for detailed documentation of neurological deficits and response to treatment.
Used when confirming measles virus as the cause of encephalitis.
Documentation of clinical symptoms and rationale for testing.
Pediatric infectious disease specialists may frequently order this test.
Symptoms may include fever, headache, confusion, seizures, and altered consciousness, often occurring 7 to 10 days after the measles rash appears.
Diagnosis is primarily clinical, supported by serological tests for measles antibodies and PCR testing of cerebrospinal fluid.
Vaccination against measles is highly effective and is the primary preventive measure against measles and its complications, including encephalitis.