B08.1

Mumps virus meningoencephalitis is a serious complication of mumps infection, characterized by inflammation of the brain and its surrounding membranes. The mumps virus, an RNA virus of the Paramyxoviridae family, primarily affects children but can occur in unvaccinated adults as well. Symptoms typically include fever, headache, vomiting, and signs of meningeal irritation such as neck stiffness. Neurological manifestations can range from mild confusion to severe encephalitis, which may lead to long-term complications such as seizures, hearing loss, or cognitive impairment. Diagnosis is usually confirmed through clinical evaluation and laboratory tests, including serological assays for mumps IgM antibodies or PCR testing of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Vaccination with the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine has significantly reduced the incidence of mumps and its complications, including meningoencephalitis. However, outbreaks can still occur, particularly in populations with low vaccination rates. Prompt recognition and management are crucial to minimize the risk of severe outcomes.