Malignant neoplasm of colon
Chapter 2:Neoplasms
ICD-10 C18 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of malignant neoplasm of colon.
Malignant neoplasm of the colon, commonly referred to as colorectal cancer, arises from the epithelial cells lining the colon. It is characterized by uncontrolled cell growth, leading to the formation of tumors that can invade surrounding tissues and metastasize to distant organs. Risk factors include age, family history, certain genetic syndromes (like Lynch syndrome), and lifestyle factors such as diet and physical inactivity. Screening for colorectal cancer is crucial, with recommendations for average-risk individuals to begin screening at age 45. Common screening methods include colonoscopy, fecal immunochemical tests (FIT), and CT colonography. Staging of colorectal cancer is typically done using the TNM system, which assesses tumor size (T), lymph node involvement (N), and metastasis (M). Microsatellite instability (MSI) testing is important for identifying patients who may benefit from immunotherapy. Surgical approaches vary based on the stage of cancer and may include polypectomy, partial colectomy, or total colectomy, often accompanied by adjuvant chemotherapy in advanced cases.
Detailed pathology reports, treatment plans, and follow-up notes.
Initial diagnosis, staging, and treatment planning for colorectal cancer.
Ensure accurate documentation of tumor markers and response to treatment.
Endoscopy reports, biopsy results, and screening recommendations.
Screening colonoscopies, polypectomies, and surveillance for high-risk patients.
Document the size, number, and histology of polyps removed.
Used for screening or diagnosis of colorectal cancer.
Document indications for the procedure and findings.
Gastroenterologists should ensure proper coding based on findings.
Performed for malignant neoplasm of colon.
Document the extent of resection and pathology results.
Oncologists must provide detailed operative notes.
MSI is a condition of genetic hypermutability that is associated with certain types of colorectal cancer. Testing for MSI can help determine prognosis and guide treatment options, particularly the use of immunotherapy.
Screening for colorectal cancer should begin at age 45 for average-risk individuals, with earlier screening recommended for those with a family history or genetic predisposition.
