ICD-10 Logo
ICDxICD-10 Medical Coding
ICD-10 Logo
ICDxICD-10 Medical Coding
ICD 10 CodesDiagnoses
ICD 10 CodesDiagnoses
ICD-10 Logo
ICDxICD-10 Medical Coding

Comprehensive ICD-10-CM code reference with AI-powered search capabilities.

© 2025 ICD Code Compass. All rights reserved.

Browse

  • All Chapters
  • All Categories
  • Diagnoses

Tools

  • AI Code Search
ICD-10-CM codes are maintained by the CDC and CMS. This tool is for reference purposes only.
v1.0.0
ICD-10 Guide
ICD-10 CodesC78.89

C78.89

Billable

Secondary malignant neoplasm of other digestive organs

BILLABLE STATUSYes
IMPLEMENTATION DATEOctober 1, 2015
LAST UPDATED09/05/2025

Code Description

ICD-10 C78.89 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of secondary malignant neoplasm of other digestive organs.

Key Diagnostic Point:

C78.89 refers to secondary malignant neoplasms that have metastasized to other digestive organs, excluding the liver and pancreas. This condition typically arises from a primary cancer located elsewhere in the body, such as the breast, lung, or colon. The metastatic process involves cancer cells spreading through the bloodstream or lymphatic system to invade other organs. Patients may present with symptoms such as abdominal pain, weight loss, or gastrointestinal disturbances. Diagnosis often involves imaging studies, such as CT scans or MRIs, and may require biopsy for confirmation. Staging of metastatic disease is crucial for treatment planning and prognosis, often utilizing the TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastasis) system. Palliative care considerations are essential, focusing on symptom management and improving quality of life, especially in advanced stages where curative treatment is not feasible.

Code Complexity Analysis

Complexity Rating: Medium

Medium Complexity

Complexity Factors

  • Determining the primary site of cancer can be challenging.
  • Differentiating between primary and secondary neoplasms requires careful review.
  • Staging information may not always be clearly documented.
  • Palliative care documentation may vary significantly among providers.

Audit Risk Factors

  • Inadequate documentation of the primary cancer site.
  • Failure to document staging information.
  • Misclassification of primary versus secondary neoplasms.
  • Lack of clarity in palliative care documentation.

Specialty Focus

Medical Specialties

Oncology

Documentation Requirements

Detailed history of the primary cancer, staging information, and treatment plans.

Common Clinical Scenarios

Patients with known primary cancers presenting with new gastrointestinal symptoms.

Billing Considerations

Ensure accurate documentation of metastasis and any palliative care measures taken.

Gastroenterology

Documentation Requirements

Endoscopic findings, imaging results, and biopsy reports.

Common Clinical Scenarios

Patients with gastrointestinal symptoms and a history of cancer.

Billing Considerations

Documentation should clearly differentiate between primary gastrointestinal conditions and metastatic disease.

Coding Guidelines

Inclusion Criteria

Use C78.89 When
  • According to ICD
  • 10 coding guidelines, C78
  • 89 should be used when there is clear documentation of secondary malignancy in other digestive organs
  • It is important to ensure that the primary site is documented, and any staging information is included

Exclusion Criteria

Do NOT use C78.89 When
  • Exclusions apply for primary cancers of the digestive organs

Related ICD-10 Codes

Related CPT Codes

99214CPT Code

Established patient office visit, level 4

Clinical Scenario

Used for follow-up visits for patients with metastatic disease.

Documentation Requirements

Document history, examination findings, and treatment plan.

Specialty Considerations

Oncology specialists should ensure thorough documentation of cancer history.

ICD-10 Impact

Diagnostic & Documentation Impact

Enhanced Specificity

ICD-10 Improvements

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for more specific coding of secondary malignancies, improving the accuracy of cancer registries and treatment planning. C78.89 provides a clear distinction for secondary neoplasms in digestive organs, which aids in research and epidemiological studies.

ICD-9 vs ICD-10

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for more specific coding of secondary malignancies, improving the accuracy of cancer registries and treatment planning. C78.89 provides a clear distinction for secondary neoplasms in digestive organs, which aids in research and epidemiological studies.

Reimbursement & Billing Impact

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for more specific coding of secondary malignancies, improving the accuracy of cancer registries and treatment planning. C78.89 provides a clear distinction for secondary neoplasms in digestive organs, which aids in research and epidemiological studies.

Resources

Clinical References

  • •
    ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting

Coding & Billing References

  • •
    ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between primary and secondary malignant neoplasms?

Primary malignant neoplasms originate in the organ where they are found, while secondary malignant neoplasms are metastases that have spread from a primary site to another organ.