Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia, unspecified
ICD-10 D51.9 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of vitamin b12 deficiency anemia, unspecified.
Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia is a type of macrocytic anemia characterized by a deficiency of vitamin B12, which is essential for red blood cell formation and neurological function. This condition can arise from inadequate dietary intake, malabsorption syndromes, or intrinsic factor deficiency, leading to impaired DNA synthesis in erythrocytes. Patients may present with symptoms such as fatigue, pallor, shortness of breath, and neurological manifestations like paresthesia or cognitive disturbances. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests showing low serum vitamin B12 levels, elevated methylmalonic acid, and homocysteine levels. Treatment primarily involves vitamin B12 supplementation, either orally or via intramuscular injections, depending on the severity and underlying cause of the deficiency. Regular monitoring of hemoglobin levels and vitamin B12 status is essential to ensure effective management and prevent complications.
Detailed lab results, patient history, and treatment plans must be documented.
Patients presenting with fatigue, pallor, and abnormal blood counts.
Consideration of differential diagnoses and potential comorbidities.
Comprehensive patient history, dietary assessments, and follow-up notes.
Routine screening in at-risk populations (e.g., vegetarians, elderly).
Awareness of the importance of patient education regarding dietary sources of B12.
Used to evaluate anemia and monitor treatment response.
Document the reason for the CBC and any relevant findings.
Hematology specialists may require additional tests for differential diagnosis.
Common causes include inadequate dietary intake, malabsorption syndromes (such as pernicious anemia or gastrointestinal surgeries), and certain medications that affect absorption.
