Methemoglobinemia
Chapter 3:Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs
ICD-10 D74 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of methemoglobinemia.
Methemoglobinemia is a condition characterized by an elevated level of methemoglobin in the blood, which is a form of hemoglobin that is unable to effectively release oxygen to body tissues. This condition can be congenital or acquired, with the latter often resulting from exposure to certain drugs, chemicals, or toxins. Symptoms may include cyanosis (a bluish discoloration of the skin), fatigue, shortness of breath, and in severe cases, neurological impairment. The pathophysiology involves the oxidation of the iron in hemoglobin from the ferrous (Fe2+) to the ferric (Fe3+) state, leading to impaired oxygen transport. Diagnosis is typically confirmed through a blood test measuring methemoglobin levels. Treatment may involve the administration of methylene blue, which acts as a reducing agent to convert methemoglobin back to hemoglobin, or in severe cases, exchange transfusion may be necessary. Understanding the underlying causes and associated conditions, such as neutropenia or other white blood cell disorders, is crucial for effective management and coding.
Detailed lab results showing methemoglobin levels and any associated blood disorders.
Patients presenting with cyanosis and fatigue, requiring differential diagnosis from other hematological conditions.
Ensure accurate documentation of any underlying hematological disorders that may contribute to methemoglobinemia.
Documentation of exposure history to potential toxins or drugs that may cause methemoglobinemia.
Patients with a history of exposure to certain medications or chemicals presenting with symptoms of hypoxia.
Documenting the specific agent involved in acquired methemoglobinemia is crucial for accurate coding.
Used to evaluate blood disorders including methemoglobinemia.
Document the reason for the CBC and any relevant symptoms.
Hematology specialists should ensure all relevant lab results are included.
Common causes include exposure to certain medications like benzocaine, nitrites, and aniline dyes, as well as certain medical conditions that may predispose individuals to oxidative stress.
