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ICD-10 Guide
ICD-10 CodesK28.4

K28.4

Billable

Chronic or unspecified gastrojejunal ulcer with hemorrhage

BILLABLE STATUSYes
IMPLEMENTATION DATEOctober 1, 2015
LAST UPDATED09/06/2025

Code Description

ICD-10 K28.4 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of chronic or unspecified gastrojejunal ulcer with hemorrhage.

Key Diagnostic Point:

Chronic or unspecified gastrojejunal ulcer with hemorrhage refers to a long-standing ulcer located at the gastrojejunal junction, which is the area where the stomach connects to the jejunum, the second part of the small intestine. This condition can arise from various factors, including chronic gastritis, excessive use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or infection with Helicobacter pylori. Clinically, patients may present with symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and signs of gastrointestinal bleeding, which can manifest as hematemesis (vomiting blood) or melena (black, tarry stools). The disease progression can lead to complications such as perforation, obstruction, or significant blood loss, necessitating urgent medical intervention. Diagnostic considerations include endoscopy for direct visualization and biopsy, imaging studies, and laboratory tests to assess hemoglobin levels and rule out other gastrointestinal disorders. Effective management often involves a combination of medication to reduce gastric acid secretion, antibiotics for H. pylori eradication, and lifestyle modifications.

Code Complexity Analysis

Complexity Rating: Medium

Medium Complexity

Complexity Factors

  • Diagnostic complexity: Requires endoscopic evaluation and possibly imaging.
  • Treatment complexity: May involve medications, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, surgical intervention.
  • Documentation requirements: Detailed clinical notes, endoscopy reports, and treatment plans are necessary.
  • Coding specificity: Requires precise coding to differentiate from other gastrointestinal ulcers.

Audit Risk Factors

  • Common coding errors: Misclassification of ulcer type or location.
  • Documentation gaps: Incomplete clinical notes or lack of endoscopy reports.
  • Billing challenges: Denials due to insufficient documentation of hemorrhage or chronicity.

Specialty Focus

Medical Specialties

Gastroenterology

Documentation Requirements

Standard ICD-10-CM documentation requirements apply

Common Clinical Scenarios

Various clinical presentations within this specialty area

Billing Considerations

Follow specialty-specific billing guidelines

Internal Medicine

Documentation Requirements

Standard ICD-10-CM documentation requirements apply

Common Clinical Scenarios

Various clinical presentations within this specialty area

Billing Considerations

Follow specialty-specific billing guidelines

Related ICD-10 Codes

Related CPT Codes

CPT Code

Clinical Scenario

Documentation Requirements

CPT Code

Clinical Scenario

Documentation Requirements

CPT Code

Clinical Scenario

Documentation Requirements

ICD-10 Impact

Diagnostic & Documentation Impact

Enhanced Specificity

ICD-10 Improvements

The clinical significance of K28.4 lies in its potential complications, which can lead to increased healthcare utilization due to emergency interventions and hospitalizations. Understanding the epidemiology of gastrojejunal ulcers, including risk factors such as NSAID use and H. pylori infection, is essential for population health management. Quality measures may focus on timely diagnosis and effective treatment strategies to reduce complications and improve patient outcomes.

ICD-9 vs ICD-10

The clinical significance of K28.4 lies in its potential complications, which can lead to increased healthcare utilization due to emergency interventions and hospitalizations. Understanding the epidemiology of gastrojejunal ulcers, including risk factors such as NSAID use and H. pylori infection, is essential for population health management. Quality measures may focus on timely diagnosis and effective treatment strategies to reduce complications and improve patient outcomes.

Reimbursement & Billing Impact

reimbursement considerations include the need for prior authorization for certain procedures, especially if surgical intervention is required. It is also crucial to monitor for common denials related to insufficient documentation of the ulcer's chronicity or the presence of hemorrhage. Adhering to coding best practices, including accurate coding of the ulcer type and associated complications, will facilitate smoother billing processes.

Resources

Clinical References

  • •
    ICD-10 Official Guidelines for K00-K99
  • •
    Clinical Documentation Requirements

Coding & Billing References

  • •
    ICD-10 Official Guidelines for K00-K99
  • •
    Clinical Documentation Requirements

Frequently Asked Questions

What specific conditions are covered by K28.4?

K28.4 specifically covers chronic gastrojejunal ulcers with hemorrhage. It may also encompass unspecified ulcers in this region that present with bleeding, necessitating careful evaluation and management.

When should K28.4 be used instead of related codes?

K28.4 should be used when there is a confirmed diagnosis of a chronic gastrojejunal ulcer accompanied by hemorrhage. It is essential to differentiate it from gastric and duodenal ulcers based on the location and clinical presentation.

What documentation supports K28.4?

Documentation for K28.4 should include clinical notes detailing symptoms, endoscopy reports confirming the ulcer's presence and location, and any laboratory results indicating hemorrhage or anemia.