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ICD-10 Guide
ICD-10 CodesM21.10

M21.10

Billable

Varus deformity, not elsewhere classified, unspecified site

BILLABLE STATUSYes
IMPLEMENTATION DATEOctober 1, 2015
LAST UPDATED09/17/2025

Code Description

ICD-10 M21.10 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of varus deformity, not elsewhere classified, unspecified site.

Key Diagnostic Point:

Varus deformity refers to a condition where a limb or joint is angled inward, resulting in a bowing appearance. This deformity can occur in various parts of the body, including the knees, elbows, and toes. In the context of acquired deformities, varus deformities can arise from conditions such as osteoarthritis, trauma, or developmental issues. Finger and toe abnormalities, such as hallux valgus (bunion), can also be associated with varus deformities, particularly when the alignment of the digits is affected. Corrective procedures may include osteotomy, where the bone is cut and realigned, or arthrodesis, which fuses the joint to correct the deformity. Accurate coding for varus deformity is essential for proper treatment planning and reimbursement, as it helps to identify the specific nature of the deformity and its implications for surgical intervention.

Code Complexity Analysis

Complexity Rating: Medium

Medium Complexity

Complexity Factors

  • Variety of potential underlying causes (e.g., trauma, arthritis)
  • Need for precise documentation of the site and nature of the deformity
  • Differentiation from similar deformities (e.g., valgus deformities)
  • Potential for co-existing conditions that may complicate coding

Audit Risk Factors

  • Insufficient documentation of the deformity's specifics
  • Failure to specify the site of the varus deformity
  • Inconsistent coding with surgical procedures performed
  • Lack of clarity on the underlying cause of the deformity

Specialty Focus

Medical Specialties

Orthopedics

Documentation Requirements

Detailed clinical notes describing the deformity, imaging studies, and treatment plans.

Common Clinical Scenarios

Patients presenting with knee or toe deformities requiring surgical intervention.

Billing Considerations

Ensure that all surgical procedures are documented and linked to the diagnosis.

Podiatry

Documentation Requirements

Foot examination findings, patient history, and any conservative treatments attempted.

Common Clinical Scenarios

Patients with hallux valgus or other toe deformities seeking corrective surgery.

Billing Considerations

Document the specific type of deformity and any associated symptoms.

Coding Guidelines

Inclusion Criteria

Use M21.10 When
  • According to ICD
  • 10 guidelines, M21
  • 10 should be used when a varus deformity is documented without specification of the site
  • Coders must ensure that the documentation supports the diagnosis and that any related conditions are also coded appropriately

Exclusion Criteria

Do NOT use M21.10 When
No specific exclusions found.

Related ICD-10 Codes

Related CPT Codes

28300CPT Code

Osteotomy, metatarsal, for hallux valgus

Clinical Scenario

Used in conjunction with M21.10 when surgical correction of a varus deformity is performed.

Documentation Requirements

Operative report detailing the procedure and indication.

Specialty Considerations

Orthopedic surgeons must document the specific deformity and surgical approach.

ICD-10 Impact

Diagnostic & Documentation Impact

Enhanced Specificity

ICD-10 Improvements

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for more specific coding of varus deformities, improving the ability to capture the nuances of these conditions and their treatment. This specificity aids in better patient management and reimbursement processes.

ICD-9 vs ICD-10

The transition to ICD-10 has allowed for more specific coding of varus deformities, improving the ability to capture the nuances of these conditions and their treatment. This specificity aids in better patient management and reimbursement processes.

Reimbursement & Billing Impact

reimbursement processes.

Resources

Clinical References

  • •
    ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting

Coding & Billing References

  • •
    ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between varus and valgus deformities?

Varus deformities involve inward angulation of the limb or joint, while valgus deformities involve outward angulation. Accurate coding requires understanding these distinctions.