M87.180

Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a severe condition characterized by the death of bone tissue in the jaw due to insufficient blood supply, often exacerbated by the use of certain medications, particularly bisphosphonates and antiangiogenic agents. This condition can lead to significant complications, including pain, swelling, and the presence of exposed bone, which may become infected. Patients may experience difficulty in chewing, speaking, and maintaining oral hygiene, leading to further complications such as osteomyelitis, which is an infection of the bone. The pathophysiology of ONJ involves the disruption of the bone remodeling process, where the balance between bone resorption and formation is altered, leading to necrosis. Diagnosis typically involves clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and sometimes biopsy to confirm the presence of necrotic bone. Treatment options may include conservative management, surgical intervention, and antibiotics to address any secondary infections. The condition is particularly prevalent in patients with a history of cancer, osteoporosis, or those undergoing dental procedures while on these medications.