Neonatal melena
ICD-10 P54.1 is a billable code used to indicate a diagnosis of neonatal melena.
Neonatal melena refers to the passage of dark, tarry stools in newborns, indicating the presence of digested blood in the gastrointestinal tract. This condition can arise from various causes, including gastrointestinal hemorrhage due to conditions such as necrotizing enterocolitis, stress-induced mucosal disease, or congenital malformations. The presence of melena in neonates is a critical sign that necessitates immediate evaluation to determine the source of bleeding, which may involve imaging studies, endoscopy, or surgical intervention. The clinical management of neonatal melena requires a multidisciplinary approach, including neonatologists, pediatric gastroenterologists, and surgeons, to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment. The identification of the underlying cause is essential for effective management and to prevent potential complications such as anemia or shock. Neonatal melena can also be associated with other forms of bleeding, including pulmonary hemorrhage, which may complicate the clinical picture and require careful monitoring and supportive care.
Detailed documentation of stool characteristics, clinical signs of bleeding, and diagnostic workup.
NICU admissions for preterm infants with suspected necrotizing enterocolitis presenting with melena.
Consideration of gestational age and birth weight in assessing risk factors for gastrointestinal bleeding.
Comprehensive history and physical examination findings related to gastrointestinal symptoms.
Pediatric follow-up visits for neonates with a history of melena and ongoing gastrointestinal concerns.
Awareness of developmental milestones and nutritional status in managing long-term outcomes.
Used when a neonate with melena requires intensive monitoring and intervention.
Detailed documentation of clinical status, interventions, and response to treatment.
Neonatologists should ensure that all critical care services are well-documented.
Common causes of neonatal melena include necrotizing enterocolitis, congenital gastrointestinal malformations, and stress-induced mucosal disease. Each case requires careful evaluation to determine the underlying etiology.
